518 - AUTOIMMUNE DEMENTIA – WHEN TO SUSPECT?

Abstract Background: Autoimune dementias are underrecognized clinical entities, frequently misdiagnosed as neurodegenerative or prion disorders. However, the prognosis is vastly different since immunotherapy can treat these conditions and restore functionality. Research objective: To reflect on autoimmune dementias, briefly presenting syndromes, how to diagnose them some cues be attentive of. Methods: Literature search Pubmed Google Scholar. Results: The incidence prevalence of unknown, but inflammatory causes account for 20% dementia in patients younger than 45 years age. Autoimmune classified according syndromic presentation, specific serologic markers, histopathologic findings. Patients with usually present an acute subacute disorder memory, thinking, behaviour. Clinical clues that help clinicians identify include six following: (i) rapidly progressive fluctuating course; (ii) multifocal diverse presentations; (iii) personal family history autoimmunity; (iv) detection markers cerebrospinal fluid; (v) presence a neural-specific autoantibody (vi) favourable response trial immunotherapy. Also, unsuspected cancer, new recurrent, may manifest neurologically dementia. In evaluating disease, should aware possible coexistence Conclusions: Recognition allows early sustained treatment. Misdiagnosis potentially reversible condition have devastating consequences patient family.